Glial cells are essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system. They include astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and Schwann cells. Astrocytes maintain the blood-brain barrier and regulate nutrient supply to neurons. Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells are responsible for forming myelin sheaths around axons, which enhance the speed and efficiency of electrical signal transmission. Microglia act as immune cells, protecting the brain from pathogens and clearing debris.
