What are the main cell types in the nervous system?

The nervous system primarily consists of two types of cells: neurons and glial cells. Neurons are the fundamental units responsible for transmitting information throughout the body. They have a unique structure comprising a cell body, dendrites, and an axon, enabling them to receive, process, and transmit signals. Glial cells, on the other hand, provide support, nutrition, and protection for neurons. They play critical roles in maintaining homeostasis, forming myelin, and participating in signal transmission in the nervous system.