iPSCs are generated through a process called cellular reprogramming. This involves introducing a set of four key transcription factorsâOct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc, commonly referred to as Yamanaka factorsâinto adult somatic cells. These factors reprogram the somatic cells back into a pluripotent state, allowing them to differentiate into any cell type in the body. The reprogramming process can be accomplished using various methods, including viral vectors, plasmids, and even small molecules.
