Proteostasis is regulated by various signaling pathways and stress responses, including the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) and the Heat Shock Response (HSR). The UPR is activated in response to the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum, enhancing the cell's capacity to fold and degrade proteins. The HSR increases the expression of heat shock proteins, which are molecular chaperones that help refold denatured proteins.
